Gender
Male
Age Group
18 Years and up
Accepting Healthy Volunteers
No
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Patients, males ≥18 years of age, must be able to provide written informed consent.
2. Patients must have documented histological or cytological evidence of adenocarcinoma
of the prostate (excluding neuroendocrine differentiation or small cell histology).
3. Patients must have radiographic evidence of metastatic disease for mCRPC based on
the 'Guideline of American Urological Association for Prostate Cancer' before study
enrollment.
(https://www.auanet.org/guidelines/prostate-cancer-castration-resistant11 guideline)
4. For PTEN and PIK3CA/AKT status test:
Phase I: The PTEN/PIK3CA/AKT status test is optional and the result could be either
positive, negative, undetermined or invalid. Phase II: Patients will be allowed to
enroll regardless of the biomarker status, medical monitor review is necessary
before enrollment. The biomarker status tests will be performed with the following
order. The biomarker results of all enrolled patients will be used for retrospective
analysis purposes.
- Patients that have a documentation of "PTEN LOSS" and/or PTEN/PIK3CA/AKT
alteration from a previous test on either tissue or liquid biopsy (e.g., IHC or
next generation sequencing NGS), no further biomarker tests are needed in this
study.
- Patients who have PTEN or PI3KPIK3CA/AKT alteration status reported other than
"PTEN LOSS", "PIK3CA/AKT alterations" or never completed any PTEN/PIK3CA/AKT
test before, could either provide the archival tumor samples collected at any
time before study enrollment or do a fresh core tumor biopsy.
- As the last option, patients can perform a liquid biopsy for PTEN LOSS and
PTEN/PIK3CA/AKT alteration tests by NGS of cfDNA if they have no archival
tissue to provide, no tumor lesion for biopsy or a fresh biopsy is not
feasible.
5. Patients must have progressive disease based on the PCWG3 criteria:
- Patients who progressed based solely on total PSA rising, should have had a
sequence of rising values on 3 consecutive occasions of at least 1-week
intervals (if the third measurement is not greater than the second measurement,
a fourth measurement at least a week apart must be taken and must be greater
than the second measurement) and should have 2.0 ng/mL minimum level for entry.
Note: Patient must have had a prior PSA response, followed by documented PSA
progression on prior hormone treatment.
- Patients who have documented disease progression per RECIST 1.1 are eligible
independent of PSA.
- Patients with bone only progression according to PCWG3 (i.e., bone scan showing
appearance of ≥2 new lesions).
6. Patients must have castration levels of testosterone (<50 ng/dL or 1.7 nmol/L).
Note: Patients must have undergone androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), such as
orchiectomy, or have been on luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists
or antagonists, for at least 3 months prior to study enrollment. Patients on LHRH
agonists/antagonists must remain on these agents for the duration of the study.
7. Patients must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status
of ≤ 2.
8. Patients must have adequate hematopoietic function by local laboratory within the 28
days before enrollment, as evidenced by:
- Absolute neutrophil count ≥1,500/μL
- Platelet count ≥75,000/μL
- Hemoglobin ≥9 g/dL
9. Note: Criteria must be met without growth factors or transfusion within 10 days
prior to the screening lab tests. Total serum bilirubin ≤1.5 × ULN within the 28
days before enrollment (in patients with known Gilbert's syndrome, total bilirubin
≤3 × ULN with direct bilirubin ≤1.5 × ULN).
10. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase ≤2.5 × ULN except for
patients with tumor involvement of the liver who must have AST and ALT ≤5 × ULN
within the 28 days before enrollment.
11. Patients must have adequate renal function as evidenced by a serum creatinine of
≤1.5 × ULN for the reference laboratory or creatinine clearance ≥30 mL/min within
the 28 days before enrollment (calculated from Cockcroft-Gault formula or 24-hour
urine collection).
12. Serum potassium ≥3.5 mmol/L and < ULN within the 28 days before enrollment.
13. Fasting plasma glucose (fasting is defined as no caloric intake for at least 8
hours):
- ≤126 mg/dL for those patients without a pre-existing diagnosis of Type 1 or
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- ≤167 mg/dL for those patients with a pre-existing diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes
mellitus AND glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) ≤8%
14. Phase I: Patients who have mCRPC progressed or are intolerant after receiving at
least 1 prior treatments of any anti-androgen (such as abiraterone, enzalutamide,
apalutamide, or any other AR antagonists that are approved later), and/or
chemotherapy. Patients must have at least 3 weeks of treatment of any antiandrogen
and/or completed at least 4 Cycles of docetaxel or cabazitaxel treatment before
their screening visit.
Phase II: Patients who have mCRPC progressed or are intolerant after receiving 1-3
prior standard treatments for mCSPC, or nmCRPC, or mCRPC, including at least one
second-generation antiandrogen treatment (i.e., abiraterone, enzalutamide,
apalutamide, or darolutamide), and no more than one chemotherapy. Patients must have
at least 3 weeks of treatment of any antiandrogen and/or completed at least 3 Cycles
of docetaxel or cabazitaxel treatment and/or at least 3 injections of R223 and/or at
least 2 injections of sipuleucel-T to be counted as one prior therapy. Patient's
current diagnosis at screening must be mCRPC.
15. Concomitant use of bisphosphonates and other bone supportive agents is allowed if
the dose and renal function have been stable for at least 12 weeks before enrollment
and no related ≥Grade 2 side effects are present for at least 4 weeks prior to study
drug treatment. The minimum washout period is 4 weeks for prostate cancer therapy
(cytotoxic, biologics, antiandrogens, etc.) before enrollment, starting from the day
the therapies were stopped.
16. Patients with a female partner of childbearing potential must agree to use condoms
plus an additional contraceptive method to avoid conception until the end of
relevant systemic exposure plus 90 days following the Clinical Trial Facilitation
Group contraception guideline from September 2014.
17. Patient should be suitable for oral medication and should not have any known
gastrointestinal diseases that may interfere with drug absorption.
18. Life expectancy of at least 6 months.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Major surgery within 28 days before study treatment and/or have not adequately
(Grade 1) recovered from the adverse effects of any major surgical procedures before
study treatment.
2. Patients that received other second-line ADT (including but not limited to
ketoconazole and amino glutethimide) within 6 weeks before enrollment.
3. Patients who have completed sipuleucel-T (Provenge®) treatment within 6 weeks of
enrollment.
4. Patients who have received antiandrogens such as flutamide (EULEXIN®), bicalutamide
(CASODEX®), or nilutamide (NILANDRON®) for >3 months must be off treatment for 6
weeks prior to enrollment and should demonstrate a continued rise in PSA after
withdrawal.
5. Patients who have received Radium Ra 223 dichloride (XOFIGO®) must be off therapy
for 7 weeks prior to enrollment or Samarium Sm 153 lexidronam (QUADRAMET®) must be
off therapy for at least 2 weeks prior to enrollment.
6. Patients that are currently receiving increasing or chronic treatment (>5 days) with
corticosteroids or another immunosuppressive agent, other than the following: daily
use of up to 10 mg prednisone (or equivalent) or low-dose steroid for the control of
nausea and vomiting, topical steroid, or inhaled steroid use.
7. Patients who require potassium-wasting diuretics.
8. Patients who have received any investigational agent beyond those indicated for the
treatment of prostate cancer within 5 half-lives of the agent; if the half-life of
the agent is not known, the patients must be off investigational therapy for 4 weeks
prior to enrollment (whichever is shorter of the two should be preferred).
9. Patients who have received palliative and other radiotherapy for the target lesion
within 4 weeks of study enrollment.
10. Patients with symptomatic or known central nervous system metastases from prostate
cancer or who are at high risk for spinal cord compression, per investigator's
judgment.
11. Patients with a history of hypothalamus, pituitary or adrenal insufficiency.
12. Patients with >grade 2 neuropathy at study enrollment.
13. History of another primary malignancy that is currently clinically significant or
currently requires active intervention.
14. Inadequately controlled hypertension (eg, systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg or
diastolic blood pressure ≥95 mmHg) or hypotension (eg, systolic blood pressure ≤ 80
mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≤50 mmHg) after up to 3 measurements with at least
5 minutes apart during 28 days before study enrollment.
15. Patients with active cardiac disease or a history of cardiac dysfunction including
any of the following:
- Severe or unstable angina pectoris or acute coronary syndrome or stroke within
6 months prior to study enrollment.
- Symptomatic pericarditis.
- Documented myocardial infarction or arterial thrombotic events within 6 months
prior to study enrollment.
- History of documented congestive heart failure (New York Health Association
functional classification III to IV).
- Documented history of cardiomyopathy.
- Known left ventricular ejection fraction <50% as determined by multiple gated
acquisition scan or echocardiogram within 28 days prior to enrollment.
- History of clinically significant cardiac arrhythmias unsuitable to
participate, as determined by the investigator.
16. Patients with a Fridericia-corrected QT (QTcF) interval of >470 msec on the
screening ECG (using the QTcF formula), has a short/long QT syndrome, or history of
QT prolongation/Torsades de Pointes, unless prolonged QTc interval is due to (right
or left) bundle branch block and/or pacemaker rhythm. If wide QRS complex is
present, cardiology consultation is required to assess the risk for Torsade de
Pointes.
17. Patients with a history of an active infection (viral, bacterial, or fungal)
requiring systemic therapy within 10 days before enrollment, including but not
limited to tuberculosis.
18. Patients who have active human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, or
hepatitis C infections.
19. Patients that are currently receiving treatment with drugs known to be moderate or
strong inhibitors or inducers of isoenzyme CYP1A (including but not limited:
α-Naphthoflavone, Furafylline, Omeprazole, Lansoprazole) and isoenzyme CYP3A
(including but not limited: Itraconazole, Ketoconazole, Azamulin, Troleandomycin,
Verapamil, Rifampicin). The patients must have discontinued moderate or strong
inducers for at least 2 weeks prior to study enrollment and must have discontinued
moderate or strong inhibitors for at least 1 week before study enrollment.
Spironolactone Strong bile salt export pump (BSEP) inhibitors, grapefruit juice,
herbal medicines such as St. John's wort, Kava, ephedra, gingko biloba,
dehydroepiandrosterone, yohimbe, saw palmetto and ginseng should be discontinued.
20. Sexually active males not willing to use a condom during the whole course of the
study and for 16 weeks after stopping treatment. Male patients must not father a
child in this period. A condom is required to be used also by vasectomized men as
well as during intercourse with a male partner in order to prevent delivery of the
drug via seminal fluid.
21. Patients with any other medical, psychiatric, or social condition, including
substance abuse, which in the opinion of the investigator, would preclude
participation in the study.
22. Patients with a history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding or uncontrolled peptic
disease in the previous 3 months which in Investigator's opinion may impact
patient's participation in the study.
23. Patients have previously received AKT or PI3 kinase pathway or mTOR inhibitors